A NEW GENUS AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF CATANTOPIDAE FROM HUNAN PROVINCE, CHINA (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDOIDEA)

Abstract Two new species of the grasshopper family Catantopidae were discovered from the Mangshan National Natural Reserve at the southern tip of Hunan Province. One of them constitutes a new genus, Yiniu , which is close to Oxya Audinet-Serville. They are described as below.     

辣椒温和斑点病毒(PMMV)外壳蛋白基因的克隆和序列测定

从本院分离的辣椒温和斑点病毒株系PMMV-QD中提取RNA.根据已有报道的外壳蛋白(CP)自行设计引物P1、P2,用RT-PCR扩增PMMV-QD的CP基因的cDNA,插入pMD 18-T载体,转化感受态受体菌XL1-B1ue,以蓝白菌落筛选转化株,用PCR检测白色菌落,确认获得了含cDNA的阳性重组子.序列测定和比较的结果表明该片段确含有PMMV的CP基因编码区,此种cDNA与国外报道的PMMV病毒株系核苷酸序列的同源性达到97.7%.     

植物种子脂氧合酶

概述了植物种子脂氧合酶蛋白和编码其基因的特性、各种突变体及其遗传规律、基因表达和调控以及生理功能的研究进展.     

水稻白叶枯病抗性基因Xa23鉴别菌株突变体库的构建及无毒基因突变体的筛选

利用in vivo转座技术构建了白叶枯病抗性基因Xa23鉴别菌株的突变体库,特异性引物PCR扩增和转座子插入位点旁侧序列分析结果表明转座子插入到白叶枯病菌的基因组中。经人工接种鉴定,筛选到4个毒力发生变化的突变体。为进一步克隆Xa23无毒基因提供了条件。     

褐飞虱迁飞参数的数值模拟

迁飞性害虫褐飞虱对中国和亚洲其它国家和地区的水稻有着十分严重的危害,其迁飞参数的时空变化是种群迁飞这一生态行为的重要体现。应用目前国际上先进的中尺度数值预报模式MM5 (V3.2 )对我国褐飞虱北迁、南返的过程进行了数值模拟,根据模拟结果对害虫的迁出虫源地、迁飞路径、降落区、空中迁飞速率、迁飞高度、迁飞历时和迁飞距离等迁飞参数进行了一系列的数值计算和客观分析,得到了与实际虫情普查和雷达观测资料相当吻合的结果,从而比较精确地阐明了褐飞虱迁出起飞、空中定向飞行、降落迁入等迁飞行为的动力学机制。     

一种新的血管生成抑制因子--hPK-5

hPK-5是人纤溶酶原的结构域片段,它针对增生的内皮细胞而呈现很高的作用特异性,表现出抗内皮细胞增殖活性,调节血管增生的平衡以及炎症反应。鉴于它是内源性的抗血管生成因子,且具有分子量小、易于表达和高效的生物学活性等优势,充分展示了其重要的研究价值和临床应用前景。     

花鲈对不同饲料原料的表观消化率

试验以Cr2 O3 为指示物 ,以 70 %基础饲料和 30 %的待测饲料原料组成试验饲料 ,测定花鲈对红鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、菜籽粕、肉骨粉和棉籽粕中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、能量和氨基酸的表观消化率。在水温 2 5± 1℃的试验条件下 ,花鲈对鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕的干物质表观消化率均在 6 0 %以上 ;对鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕和菜籽粕的蛋白质、脂肪的表观消化率都在 80 %以上 ;花鲈对能量的表观消化率变化范围在 16 99%— 83 96 %。测得每种原料的 16种氨基酸的表观消化率 :花鲈对原料氨基酸消化率的变化与对蛋白质消化率的变化相一致 ,除了赖氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸之外 ,花鲈对肉骨粉中氨基酸的利用率最低。花鲈对饼粕类原料中的含硫氨基酸 (如蛋氨酸 )的表观消化率低于其他氨基酸 ,对鱼粉中氨基酸利用率最低的为组氨酸 ,对肉骨粉中氨基酸利用率最低的为苏氨酸。     

Influences of mating groups on the reproductive success of the Southern Sichuan Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens styani)

The reproduction of female red pandas under three different husbandry conditions (monogamy, polygamy, and polyandry) was studied at the Chengdu Research Base for Giant Panda Breeding, and Chengdu Zoological Park, China. We monitored the fecal steroid profiles of seven females by radioimmunoassay in order to understand how the different mating groupings affect the animals' reproductive success. Of the seven females studied, all gave birth except the one that was kept in the polyandrous group. Although fecal estradiol metabolites exhibited several peaks during estrus, only one coincided with mating behavior. Fecal progesterone metabolites did not display a sustained rise in the absence of mating behavior, even though estradiol displayed a peak of secretion. This suggests that the red panda may be an induced ovulator. During gestation, fecal progesterone metabolites were maintained at a comparatively high level, and were much higher than those of nonpregnant females. The female in the polyandrous group showed an abnormal estradiol metabolite profile, with a level that was four to five times higher than those of the females in the polygynous groupings. It was observed that this female always escaped and hid in the trees to avoid courtships with males, and did not give birth. This phenomenon suggests that polyandrous groupings may be unsuitable for successful reproduction in captivity. Zoo Biol 24:169–176, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

水稻籼粳亚种间杂种低温花粉不育的QTL分析

为探明籼粳杂种低温花粉不育的遗传基础,以籼稻品种3037和粳型广亲和品种02428的F2分离群体进行了低温花粉不育的遗传分析。推迟播种后,F2群体各单株孕穗期的日平均温度为21～23℃,调查了F2群体各单株的花粉育性。利用108对SSR引物构建了包含157个F2单株,覆盖12条染色体的分子标记连锁图谱。该连锁图的总长度为1857．8cM,标记间平均距离为16．26cM,标记较均匀地分布在12条染色体上。采用区间作图法对F2群体花粉不育进行QTL分析,共检测到2个低温花粉不育QTLS,即qLTSPS2和qLTSPS5,分别位于第2、5染色体,其加性效应分别为0．021、0．045,显性效应分别为-0．246、-0．251,显性度分别为11．7和4．8,具有超显性效应．超显性是QTL作用的主要方式,这2个位点杂合基因型在低温环境下具有降低花粉育性的作用,分别解释表型变异的15．6％、11．9％。另外,两因素的方差分析表明这两个QTL之间不存在互作。     

遮荫对桂南种植罗汉果净光合速率和品质的影响

通过大田栽培试验,探讨生育后期不同遮荫处理(遮荫率0、30%、50%和70%)对罗汉果净光合速率和罗汉果品质的影响。经过遮荫处理,罗汉果净光合速率日变化曲线由对照组(遮荫率为0)的双峰型转变为单峰型,曲线峰值出现在中午12:00时。遮荫率50%处理的曲线峰值、罗汉果苷Ⅴ含量和干果重比其它遮荫处理和对照组的高。结果表明,在桂南种植的罗汉果,生育后期给予遮荫率50%的处理对增加罗汉果的净光合速率,提高罗汉果苷Ⅴ含量和干果重较为有利。